Linux
WHERE IS LINUX?
World super 500 computers are running on linux
96% of webserers using linux ( 1 million )
86% of smart phones using linux
what is linux ?
Linux is a free and Open-source operating system.
Just like Windows, iOS, and Mac OS, Linux is an operating system.
platforms like Android, is powered by the Linux operating system.
what is OPERATING SYSTEM ?
- An Operating System (OS) is a software that acts as an interface between computer hardware components and the user.
- Computer must have at least one operating system to run other programs. Applications like Browsers, MS Office, Notepad Games, etc., need some environment to run and perform its tasks.
- The OS helps you to communicate with the computer
COMPONENTS
KERNEL: The kernel is the core of the system and manages the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices. The kernel is the lowest level of the OS.
DAEMONS: These are background services (printing, sound, scheduling, etc.) that either start up during boot or after you log into the desktop.
SHELL: is an environment in which we can run our commands, programs, and shell scripts. A Shell provides you with an interface to the Unix system. It gathers input from you and executes programs based on that input. When a program finishes executing, it displays that program's output.
HISTORY
- In 1991, Linus Torvalds, a student at the university of Helsinki, Finland, thought to have a freely available academic version of Unix started writing its own code.
- Later this project became the Linux kernel.
- The Linux kernel is written in C programming language.
- Firstly he wanted to name it as 'Freax' but later it became 'Linux'.
- In 1992, he released the kernel under GNU General Public License.
- Today, supercomputers, smart phones, desktop, web servers, tablet, laptops and home appliances like washing machines, DVD players, routers, modems, cars, refrigerators, etc use Linux OS.
- The freedom to run the program, for any purpose.
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour.
- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.
FLAVOURS / DISTRIBUTIONS
ARCHITECTURE
ADVANTAGES:
- Free and Open source.
- Contains less vulnerable than others.
- Linux is more stable than other operating systems.
- it rarely hangs up or slow down.
- Linux system provides high performance over different networks.
- updates are much faster than other operating systems.
- supports almost all of the most used programming languages
- Linux provides large community support.
- it is a multitasking operating system as it can run multiple tasks simultaneously without affecting the system speed.