Linux






 WHERE IS LINUX?

World super 500 computers are running on linux

96% of webserers using linux ( 1 million )

86% of smart phones using linux



what is linux ?

Linux is a free and Open-source operating system.

Just like Windows, iOS, and Mac OS, Linux is an operating system.

 platforms like Android, is powered by the Linux operating system.




what is OPERATING SYSTEM ?


  • An Operating System (OS) is a software that acts as an interface between computer hardware components and the user.
  • Computer must have at least one operating system to run other programs. Applications like Browsers, MS Office, Notepad Games, etc., need some environment to run and perform its tasks.
  • The OS helps you to communicate with the computer



COMPONENTS


KERNEL: The kernel is the core of the system and manages the CPU, memory, and peripheral devices. The kernel is the lowest level of the OS.

DAEMONS: These are background services (printing, sound, scheduling, etc.) that either start up during boot or after you log into the desktop.

SHELL: is an environment in which we can run our commands, programs, and shell scripts. A Shell provides you with an interface to the Unix system. It gathers input from you and executes programs based on that input. When a program finishes executing, it displays that program's output.

HISTORY

  • In 1991, Linus Torvalds, a student at the university of Helsinki, Finland, thought to have a freely available academic version of Unix started writing its own code.
  • Later this project became the Linux kernel.
  • The Linux kernel is written in C programming language.
  • Firstly he wanted to name it as 'Freax' but later it became 'Linux'.
  • In 1992, he released the kernel under GNU General Public License.
  • Today, supercomputers, smart phones, desktop, web servers, tablet, laptops and home appliances like washing machines, DVD players, routers, modems, cars, refrigerators, etc use Linux OS.
What is OPEN SOURCE ?

Linux is also distributed under an open-source license. Open source follows these key tenants:

  • The freedom to run the program, for any purpose.
  • The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.
  • The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour.
  • The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.



FLAVOURS / DISTRIBUTIONS




ARCHITECTURE




ADVANTAGES:

  • Free and Open source.
  • Contains less vulnerable than others.
  • Linux is more stable than other operating systems.
  • it rarely hangs up or slow down.
  • Linux system provides high performance over different networks.
  • updates are much faster than other operating systems.
  • supports almost all of the most used programming languages
  • Linux provides large community support.
  • it is a multitasking operating system as it can run multiple tasks simultaneously without affecting the system speed.